Which of the following is an example of a non-statutory non-uniformed protective service?

• A. Police
• B. NHS
• C. Fire Service
• D. United Utilities

Answer: (D)

Understanding protective services in terms of how they’re created and how staff present themselves helps sort these options. A non-statutory non-uniformed protective service is a organization that protects people or infrastructure but isn’t established by statute and doesn’t rely on public-safety uniforms.

Police and Fire Service are classic examples of statutory, uniformed protective services; they’re created by law and their personnel wear official uniforms. The NHS is statutory and non-uniformed, but it’s primarily a health-care provider rather than a protective service focused on emergency protection and incident response, so it doesn’t fit the intent of non-statutory non-uniformed protective service.

United Utilities, a private utility company that runs essential water infrastructure, isn’t established by statute as a protective-service agency and its staff typically wear company attire rather than public-safety uniforms. It fits the description of a non-statutory non-uniformed protective service, as it can play a role in safeguarding public health and critical infrastructure without being a statutory public agency.